When the Evanston College for Ladies became the Woman's College of Northwestern University in 1873, Willard was named the first Dean of Women at the university. In 1858, at age 18, Willard moved with her family to Evanston to attend North Western Female College, a Methodist-affiliated secondary school. After a ceremony in Evanston at the Methodist Church, her remains were cremated and her ashes were placed in her mother’s grave in Rosehill Cemetery in Chicago. Please contact our archivist for more details at archives@franceswillardhouse.org. Group tours and facility rentals are available. She is a former faculty member of the Humanist Institute. Eulogy of Frances E. Willard. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to move into public life by 1900. She was almost entirely educated at home by her mother, but did attend a one-room school for a short time and then Milwaukee Female College for one term. She was married to James Cagney.She died on October 10, 1994 in Sharon, Connecticut, USA. During this time she was engaged to Charles Henry Fowler, an Evanston resident and classmate of her brother, and later had a romance with a fellow teacher at Genessee College in New York. After her death, Willard was the first woman included among America's greatest leaders in Statuary Hall in the United States Capitol. She was a guest of John and Annie Bidwell, the town founders and fellow leaders in the prohibitionist movement. In 1846 the family, with the addition of sister Mary, moved to southeastern Wisconsin to … She lay in state in the WCTU headquarters building in downtown Chicago for one day and twenty thousand mourners paid their respects. Hän toimi ensin opettajana ja oli keskeinen toimija yhdysvaltalaisessa raittiusliikkeessä. To learn more about Covid-19 precautions for researchers, visit Library and Archives. Frances Willard at 23. Contact Us. She blossomed into an intelligent, independent-minded and strong-willed woman. All rights reserved, Frances Willard; visionary feminist, political activist & social justice reformer, Truth Telling: Frances Willard and Ida B. [30][31], In 2000, Willard was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. She lived there with her parents, Josiah Willard and Mary Thompson Hill Willard, and her older brother Oliver, until 1841 when the family moved to Oberlin, Ohio. Willard was by this time one of the most famous women in the world, and through her, the WCTU was able to mobilize women and gain the support of men for their causes. Please stay in touch with us via our email newsletter and social media for our reopening plans as they develop. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to move into public life by 1900. Link to Wikipedia biography… Biography of Frances Willard, Temperance Leader and Educator. Frances Willard, in full Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard, (born Sept. 28, 1839, Churchville, N.Y., U.S.—died Feb. 18, 1898, New York, N.Y.), American educator, reformer, and founder of the World Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (1883). When newspapers published a photograph of Willard handing Jefferson Davis a temperance button to give to his wife, Jefferson Davis publicly came out against the referendum (as contrary to states' rights) and it lost. ISBN 9780742517172. She lived there with her parents, Josiah Willard and Mary Thompson Hill Willard, and her older brother Oliver, until 1841 when the family moved to Oberlin, Ohio. [9] Her tireless efforts for the temperance cause included a 50-day speaking tour in 1874, an average of 30,000 miles of travel a year, and an average of 400 lectures a year for a 10-year period, mostly with the assistance of her personal secretary, Anna Adams Gordon. [3] In 1876, she became head of the WCTU Publications Department, focusing on publishing and building a national audience for the WCTU's weekly newspaper, The Union Signal. Willard argued that it was too easy for men to get away with their crimes without women's suffrage. Willard's work took to an international scale in 1883 with the circulation of the Polyglot Petition against the international drug trade. An excellent speaker, a successful lobbyist, and an expert in pressure politics, she was a leader of the national … Biography. [26], Willard Middle School, established in Berkeley, California in 1916, was named in her honor. Willard inspired this process by her skillful leadership, her broad social vision, and her traditional womanly virtues. Willard was born to Josiah Flint Willard and Mary Thompson Hill Willard in Churchville, near Rochester, New York, but spent most of her childhood in Janesville, Wisconsin. In late 1897, Willard’s health began to deteriorate rapidly. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to … Closed major holidays and January-February. Her vision also encompassed prison reform, scientific temperance instruction, Christian socialism, and the global expansion of women's rights. Focuses on Willard’s political activism and leadership of women. Frances Cagney was born on June 19, 1899 in Des Moines, Iowa, USA as Frances Willard Vernon. [25], The Frances Willard Schoolhouse in Janesville, Wisconsin was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. New York: Published at "The Independent" office, 1879. Her influence continued in the next decades, as the Eighteenth (Prohibition) and Nineteenth (Women Suffrage) Amendments to the United States Constitution were adopted. Her ancestors were famous in the political and pioneer history of this great West. In Wisconsin, the family, formerly Congregationalists, became Methodists. [12] The "Home Protection" argument was used to garner the support of the "average woman," who was told to be suspicious of female suffragists by the patriarchal press, religious authorities, and society as a whole. Frances Cagney was born on June 19, 1899 in Des Moines, Iowa, USA as Frances Willard Vernon. When this college merged with Northwestern University in 1873, Willard became the first Dean of Women of the Women’s College. Under Willard’s leadership the WCTU grew to be the largest organization of women in the nineteenth century. Appointed valedictorian of her graduating class, she received her diploma in bed. [5] Willard had previously been engaged to Fowler and had broken off the engagement. pp. Willard, Frances Elizabeth. The first serious biography of Willard, by a Northwestern alumna. [2] Frances and her sister Mary attended Milwaukee Normal Institute, where their mother's sister taught. When she was 18, Willard moved with her family to Evanston, Illinois, to attend the Northwestern Female College. ^ Willard, Frances (2002). That summer she began to pursue a new career in the fledgling woman’s temperance movement, traveling to the east coast and participating in one of the many crusades. Willard became the national president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in 1879 and remained president until her death in 1898. Under Willard's presidency, the national WCTU maintained a policy of "states rights" which allowed southern charters to be more conservative than their northern counterparts regarding questions of race and the role of women in politics. Willard forged a prototype for community organization and social reform that transformed our cultural landscape. While visiting New York City prior to sailing for England in early 1898, Willard was taken ill, and she died there on 2/17/1898. She is buried at Rosehill Cemetery, Chicago, Illinois. Spirits Distillery in Evanston, IL", Bennett, Judith M.: '"Lesbian-Like" and the Social History of Lesbianisms', Correspondence and images of Frances Willard, Frances E. Willard Papers, Northwestern University Archives, Evanston, Illinois, Frances E. Willard Journal Transcriptions, Northwestern University Archives, Evanston, Illinois, Frances Elizabeth Willard (1839-1898) on harvard.edu, National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869), Women's suffrage organizations and publications, Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial, Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frances_Willard&oldid=1007269938, Hall of Fame for Great Americans inductees, Woman's Christian Temperance Union people, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with dead external links from December 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Woman of the Century, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 February 2021, at 06:45. In 1874, Willard participated in the founding convention of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) where she was elected the first Corresponding Secretary. As such she was given the task of corresponding with and traveling to many of the small towns and cities in the United States, working to form local Unions and build support for the WCTU’s cause. Frances Elizabeth Willard (28. syyskuuta 1839 Churchville, New York, Yhdysvallat – 17. syyskuuta 1898 New York, New York, Yhdysvallat) oli yhdysvaltalainen yhteiskunnallinen uudistaja. When she was two, her family moved to Oberlin, Ohio, a town recently founded by ministers who wanted to build a community with strong Christian morals. [37][38][39][40][41][42], In the 1890s, Willard came into conflict with progressive African-American journalist and anti-lynching crusader Ida B. Willard was born in 1839 to Josiah Flint Willard and Mary Thompson Hill Willard in Churchville, near Rochester, New York. Wells openly questioned Willard's silence on lynching in the United States and accused Willard of having pandered to the racist myth that white women were in constant danger of rape from drunken black males to avoid endangering WCTU efforts in the South. Frances Weller is a native of Wilmington, NC. She was married to James Cagney. In 1887, Texas held a referendum on temperance, in part because former Confederate postmaster John Reagan supported temperance laws. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. She was named after English novelist Frances (Fanny) Burney, the American poet Frances Osgood, and her sister, Elizabeth Caroline, who had died the previous year. Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard (September 28, 1839 – February 17, 1898) was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Willard inspired this process by her skillful leadership, her broad social vision, and her traditional womanly virtues. In February 1898, she was preparing to sail to England to stay with Lady Isabel Somerset when she fell ill with influenza in New York City. She died on October 10, 1994 in Sharon, Connecticut, USA. Abnormal. "[11] The "devastation" referred to violent acts against women committed by intoxicated men, which was common both in and outside the home. [22], The Frances Elizabeth Willard relief by Lorado Taft and commissioned by the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union in 1929 is in the Indiana Statehouse, Indianapolis, Indiana. Frances Willard died at midnight on February 17, 1898 in a hotel in New York. In 1911 the Willard Hall and Willard Guest House in Wakefield Street, Adelaide, South Australia were opened by the South Australian branch of the WCTU.[19][20]. The avenue is adjacent to the Bidwell Mansion. Home protection manual. Wells also believed that Willard condoned segregation by permitting the practice within WCTU's southern chapters. 241–254. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to move into public life by 1900. Frances Willard : a biography by Bordin, Ruth Birgitta Anderson, 1917-Publication date 1986 Topics Willard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839-1898, Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Social reformers -- United States -- Biography Publisher Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press Collection Willard, Frances, 1838-1898, American educator and temperance leader; b. Churchville, N.Y. She believed women could gain political power through the temperance crusade. [47], Dillon, Mary Earhart (1979). Willard worked hard during these early years to broaden the WCTU’s reform movement to include such things as woman’s suffrage, woman’s rights, education reforms and labor reforms. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to move into public life by 1900. Frances Willard was born on Sept. 28, 1839, in Churchville, N.Y. World's Woman's Christian Temperance Union, National Council of Women of the United States, Woman and Temperance, or the Work and Workers of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Nineteen Beautiful Years, or, Sketches of a Girl's Life, Glimpses of Fifty Years: the Autobiography of an American Woman, A Wheel Within a Wheel: How I Learned to Ride the Bicycle, Do Everything: a Handbook for the World's White Ribboners, "Progressive Protestantism: the Life of Frances Willard, 1839–1896", "Frances E. Willard: Years of Challenge (1859-1874)", Woman's Temperance Publishing Association, "Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard (1839–1898)", "Wakefield Street, Adelaide [B 7386]: Photograph", Frances Willard House Museum and Archives Website, "Frances Willard - Willard Middle School", "Parks: Willard Park - City of Berkeley, CA", "How to Build a Distillery in the Birthplace of Prohibition", "Behind the Scenes at the F.E.W. Frances Willard, the daughter of a schoolteacher, was born in Churchville, New York, on 28th September, 1839.She studied at the Northwestern Female College, Evanston, Illinois and afterwards taught science at Pittsburgh Female College and Genesee Wesleyan Seminary in New York. Frances Willard (September 28, 1839–February 17, 1898) was one of the best-known and most influential … Willard inspired this process by her skillful leadership, her broad social vision, and her traditional womanly virtues. Frances Willard (1839-98), national president of the WCTU, headed the first mass organization of American women, and through the work of this group, women were able to move into public life by 1900. Research in the WCTU Archives is by appointment only. Frances Willard's Last Interview. Frances Elizabeth Caroline was born on September 28, 1839 in Churchville, New York, to Josiah and Mary Willard. Frances Willard Family, Childhood, Life Achievements, Facts, Wiki and Bio of 2017. Frances Willard, "Speech At Queen's Hall, London," June 9, 1894, in Citizen and Home Guard, July 23, 1894, WCTU series, roll 41, frame 27. [13] The desire for home protection gave the average woman a socially appropriate avenue to seek enfranchisement. "[14] The goal of the suffrage movement for Willard was to construct an "ideal of womanhood" that allowed women to fulfill their potential as the companions and counselors of men, as opposed to the "incumbrance and toy of man. The Center for Women's History and Leadership. Biography of Frances E. Willard. [4] She was appointed president of the newly founded Evanston College for Ladies in 1871. Accolades from around the world poured in and Willard’s funeral in New York City, as well as the memorials held in towns between New York and Chicago, where her casket was returned for burial, were crowded with mourners. In November 1874 Willard participated in the founding convention of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and was elected the first corresponding secretary of the WCTU. Gordon was a great help to Willard for the rest of her life, providing key organizational expertise as well as friendship. [18] She bequeathed her Evanston home to the WCTU. She, however, continued to use the rhetoric that Wells alleged incited lynching. In 1879, she sought and successfully obtained presidency of the National WCTU. Her statue was designed by Helen Farnsworth Mears and was unveiled in 1905. Frances and Mary attended the North Western Female College (no affiliation with Northwestern University) and their brother Oliver attended the Garrett Biblical Institute. Her mother was a schoolteacher. [15] She collaborated closely with Lady Isabel Somerset, president of the British Women's Temperance Association, whom she visited several times in the United Kingdom. Rowmand and Littlefield. Location: 1730 Chicago Avenue | Evanston IL 60201 | (847) 328-7500 Her idealistic parents moved to Oberlin, Ohio, in 1841, where both attended college. By this time the WCTU had a membership of 150,000 and was considered a powerful force in social reform. She worked at the Pittsburgh Female College, and, as preceptress at the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary in New York (later Syracuse University). Her father was a farmer, naturalist, and legislator. She graduated in 1981 from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where she majored in speech communication. Although Varina Davis and Willard would continue to correspond over the next decade (as Varina moved to New York after her husband's death, and Willard spent most of her last decade abroad); another temperance referendum would not occur for two decades. In 1871 Willard became president of the newly formed Evanston College for Ladies. She encouraged women to join the movement to improve society: "Politics is the place for woman. Frances Willard was a social reformer who stood out against gender inequality and fought to give a voice to society’s disenfranchised. The Frances E. Willard Temperance Hospital operated under that name from 1929 to 1936 in Chicago. In 1893, she edited, with Frances Willard, a volume they titled A Woman of the Century.
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